Disc Herniation
Spinal discs play a critical role in your spine. These discs absorb the shock between the vertebrae, support the upper body, and allow for a wide range of movement in all directions. A disc herniation is when the contents of the disc go beyond its normal borders. When a disc herniation occurs it can cause impingement on the spinal cord and/or nerves, which can lead to pain, numbness, and/or weakness. The herniated disc also releases chemicals that cause irritation and inflammation in the surrounding tissues.
Herniated discs can occur in any section of the spine but are most commonly found in the lower back. Signs and symptoms of a herniated disc depend on where the disc is located and whether it is pressing on a nerve.
If the herniated disc is located in the lower back, you would typically feel pain in your legs, and possibly part of your foot. Lumbar herniated discs most often affect people aged 35 to 50. Herniated discs located in the neck typically result in pain in your shoulder and arm.
Most often herniated discs only affect one side of the body. Other symptoms include numbness and weakness.
Some factors that contribute to herniated discs are aging, excessive weight, repetitive motions, and sudden strain from improper lifting. While it is not always possible to prevent a herniated disc, there are ways you can reduce your risk such as:
- Maintaining a healthy weight to keep excess pressure off of your back.
- Stretch often, especially if you sit for long periods such as truck drivers or desk jobs.
- Use proper lifting techniques by bending at your knees and not your waist.
- Exercise regularly to strengthen your trunk muscles that support the spine.
- Avoid using any tobacco products
Medication, rest, physical therapy, bracing, spinal injections, and surgery are all potential treatments for herniated discs.
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